Revision [4734]
Last edited on 2011-08-10 16:22:32 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
at Has Adri (1663), Battle of Methir (1663), Ulmo's Day Battle (1665)
Deletions:
Revision [4433]
Edited on 2010-09-16 23:18:15 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
~
~Gondorian Coastal Navy broke hastily organized Umbarean blockade, recaptured Tolfalas on 7 August 1662 and landed Gondorian troops in Harondor. Besieged from land and sea, both Eithel Thûrin and Nen Falastir capitulated to king Tarondor in October 1662.
===1663===
===1664-1666===
~Gondor had mounted a series of "descents" (amphibious demonstrations or raids) earlier with its new Coastal Fleet, in support of full-blown land operations. On 8 September 1664 a joint expedition was sent to overrun the haradan town of Kas Shafra. On 23 September, the Ithilgonnost was taken, but due to dithering by military staff such time was lost that Kas Shafra became unassailable, and the expedition abandoned Ithilgonnost and returned to Gondor on 1 October. Despite the operational failure and debated strategic success of the descent on Kas Shafra, [[Elenaerion Captain of the Ships]] and Steward Dior of Emyn Arnen – who saw purpose in this type of asymmetric enterprise – prepared to continue such operations.
~
~An army was assembled under the command of Ulraed Curimardin, future lord of Tumladen; he was aided by //hîr// Gwindor Falathar. The contracted naval escorts for the expedition were commanded by //aerhîr// (temporary) [[Ormond Ormond Raudfêrn]], Luco Nepos and Alassar abad-Eithel. They landed on 5 July 1665 at Isenmouth, now held by the rebel supporters of Belatar, and proceed to Lond Angren, burning the shipping in the harbor... (to be continued)
~Gondorian Coastal Navy broke hastily organized Umbarean blockade, recaptured Tolfalas on 7 August 1662 and landed Gondorian troops in Harondor. Besieged from land and sea, both Eithel Thûrin and Nen Falastir capitulated to king Tarondor in October 1662.
===1663===
===1664-1666===
~Gondor had mounted a series of "descents" (amphibious demonstrations or raids) earlier with its new Coastal Fleet, in support of full-blown land operations. On 8 September 1664 a joint expedition was sent to overrun the haradan town of Kas Shafra. On 23 September, the Ithilgonnost was taken, but due to dithering by military staff such time was lost that Kas Shafra became unassailable, and the expedition abandoned Ithilgonnost and returned to Gondor on 1 October. Despite the operational failure and debated strategic success of the descent on Kas Shafra, [[Elenaerion Captain of the Ships]] and Steward Dior of Emyn Arnen – who saw purpose in this type of asymmetric enterprise – prepared to continue such operations.
~
~An army was assembled under the command of Ulraed Curimardin, future lord of Tumladen; he was aided by //hîr// Gwindor Falathar. The contracted naval escorts for the expedition were commanded by //aerhîr// (temporary) [[Ormond Ormond Raudfêrn]], Luco Nepos and Alassar abad-Eithel. They landed on 5 July 1665 at Isenmouth, now held by the rebel supporters of Belatar, and proceed to Lond Angren, burning the shipping in the harbor... (to be continued)
Deletions:
===1665-1666===
Revision [4429]
Edited on 2010-09-16 20:08:49 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
at Has Adri (1663), Battle of Methir (1663), Battle of Angren (1665)
But Sangahyandion was not yet defeated. With additional forces and full monetary support from Umbar, he launched a series of landward attacks and took back Nen Falastir, Eithel Thûrin and laid siege on the port of Methir, last Gondorian bastion in Harondor. Several Gondorian garrisons defected to his cause. Siege of Methir was finally broken in december 1663 when Sangahyandion was betrayed by Sigisfriths, a northman general who had defected to him only few weeks ago. Northman heavy cavalry once again overrun //Dúnadan// lines and most of Sangahyandion's army was destroyed or captured, including the pretender himself. In Umbar, it was speculated that a total Harondorian collapse was now imminent.
Capture of Sangahyandion led to a skillfully negotiated separate peace between [[Gondor]] and [[HarnenPrincipality]] Harnendor, which was signed at Benish Armon and virtually ended the land war. Both Gondor and Umbar turned their attentions to secondary fronts such as Angren, Cardolan, Tolfalas and Bellakar. Gondor had to cope with another open rebellion in the northern provinces, while Umbar was fighting its way through the Bellakarian quagmire.
Hostilities were ended in 1666 by the// Treaty of Has Adri//, which involved a complex series of land exchanges, the most important being Umbar's formal cession of Tolfalas, and acquisition of Mardruak and Hazaj Tollin in [[Bellakar]]. Although Sangahyandion was still a Gondorian prisoner, Gondor ceded almost whole of Harondor to the Grand Principality of Harnen, which gained enormously in influence, though it's navy was crippled by the war. Only after an ambitious rebuilding program initiated by [[Miranda Miranda Aranel]] was it again able to challenge Gondor's command of the sea.
~The Corsairs opened the campaign against king [[Tarondor]] by an surprise attack on Amon Eithel in central [[Harondor]]. A Gondorian army was immediately dispatched to break to siege. Threatened by an overwhelming force, [[Sangahyandion]] withdrew to the hilly uplands of Emyn Imladrim. At the **Battle of Harnen**, [[Sangahyandion]] prevented the isolated Gondorian southern army under prince Vinyaran from being reinforced and then outmaneuvred and surrounded the much larger enemy army with his Haradan light cavalry. Vinyaran surrendered to [[Sangahyandion]] at Gobel Ancalimon in July 1653, resulting in the Corsair occupation of Harondor. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year was a succesful one for the Corsair-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing Gondorian campaigns in Anfalas and Enedwaith.
~In early 1653, [[Sangahyandion]] again toon the initiative by marching into [[Ithilien]] hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on the Gondorian forces. After the bloody Battle of Ithilduin, the Umbareans laid siege to the former capital, but had to lift the siege after a major Gondorian counter-attack and Sangahyandion's first defeat at the Battle of Osgiliath. Further defeats followed. Sangahyandion was forced to break off his invasion, and withdraw into rebel-controlled territory in Harithilien.
~Into the late 1658 the general tide of the war continued to be in favour of the Corsairs. Gondorian armies were repeatedly beaten to a standstill by [[Sangahyandion]]. The back-and-forth nature of the war continued as on 14 October, general **Callo Telagar**'s Loyalists surprised the main Corsair army at Bar Nepos. Sangahyandion lost much of his baggage train but retreated in good order, helped by the densely wooded landscape. Also in autumn of 1658, Gondorian privateers managed to obtain a major victory over Umbarean naval forces, capturing several key transport ships and valuable military resources.
~The year 1659 saw some severe Umbarean defeats. Callo Telagar with 17 000 Gondorians defeated 9 000 rebel troops commanded by general Imrahîn of house Elemir and Sangahyandion was forced to evacuate his remaining forces south of Poros. Twenty rebel Ithilean noblemen were captured by king Tarondor and later executed in Osgiliath. The Corsairs planned to invade Gondor during 1659, but two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Oligarhic Fleet under Teldûmeir of Erädas was scattered by a larger Royal fleet under rear admiral **Uther Morvegil**. In September, Gondorian privateers captured an entire Umbarean treasure fleet worth of 50 000 crowns. However, the long Corsair naval blockade of Gondorian ports had sapped the morale of the Gondorian populace. Feelers for peace were exhanged.
===1660-1662===
===1663-1664===
~[[BattleOfMiraz1663 Battle of Miraz]] and [[GauntletAtHasAdri Gauntlet at Has Adri]]
Deletions:
at Has Adri, Battle of Methir
But Sangahyandion was not yet defeated. With additional forces and full monetary support from Umbar, he launched a series of landward attacks and took back Nen Falastir, Eithel Thûrin and laid siege on the port of Methir, last Gondorian bastion in Harondor. Several Gondorian garrisons defected to his cause. Siege of Methir was finally broken in december 1663 when Sangahyandion was betrayed by Sigisfriths, a northman general who had defected only few weeks ago. Northman heavy cavalry once again overrun //Dúnadan// lines and most of Sangahyandion's army was destroyed or captured, including the pretender himself.
~The //Traditionalist League// opened the campaign against king [[Tarondor]] by an surprise attack on Amon Eithel in central [[Harondor]]. A Gondorian army was immediately dispatched to break to siege. Threatened by an overwhelming force, Sangahyandion withdrew to the hilly uplands of Emyn Imladrim. At the **Battle of Harnen**, Sangahyandion prevented the isolated Gondorian southern army under //ernil// Vinyaran from being reinforced and then outmaneuvred and surrounded the much larger enemy army with his Haradan light cavalry. Vinyaran surrendered to Sangahyandion at Gobel Ancalimon in July 1653, resulting in the Corsair occupation of Harondor. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year was a succesful one for the Corsair-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing Gondorian campaigns in Anfalas and Enedwaith.
~In early 1653, Sangahyandion again toon the initiative by marching into [[Ithilien]] hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on the Gondorian forces. After the bloody Battle of Ithilduin, the Umbareans laid siege to the former capital, but had to lift the siege after a major Gondorian counter-attack and Sangahyandion's first defeat at the Battle of Osgiliath. Further defeats followed. Sangahyandion was forced to break off his invasion, and withdraw into rebel-controlled territory in Harithilien.
~Into the late 1658 the general tide of the war continued to be in favour of the Traditionalist League. Gondorian armies were repeatedly beaten to a standstill by prince Sangahyandion. The back-and-forth nature of the war continued as on 14 October, general **Callo Telagar**'s Loyalists surprised the main Corsair army at Bar Nepos. Sangahyandion lost much of his baggage train but retreated in good order, helped by the densely wooded landscape. Also in autumn of 1658, Gondorian privateers managed to obtain a major victory over Umbarean naval forces, capturing several transport ships.
~The year 1659 saw some severe Umbarean defeats. Callo Telagar with 17,000 Gondorians defeated 9,000 rebel troops commanded by general Imrahîn of house Elemir and Sangahyandion was forced to evacuate his remaining forces south of Poros. Twenty rebel Ithilean noblemen were captured by king Tarondor and later executed in Osgiliath. The Rebels planned to invade Gondor during 1659, but two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Oligarhic Fleet under Teldûmeir of Erädas was scattered by a larger Royal fleet under rear admiral **Uther Morvegil**. In September, Gondorian privateers captured an entire Umbarean treasure fleet worth of 50 000 crowns. However, the long Corsair naval blockade of Gondorian ports had sapped the morale of the Gondorian populace. Feelers for peace were exhanged.
===1660===
===1661-1662===
===1663===
===1664===
Revision [4377]
Edited on 2010-05-10 15:55:52 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
But Sangahyandion was not yet defeated. With additional forces and full monetary support from Umbar, he launched a series of landward attacks and took back Nen Falastir, Eithel Thûrin and laid siege on the port of Methir, last Gondorian bastion in Harondor. Several Gondorian garrisons defected to his cause. Siege of Methir was finally broken in december 1663 when Sangahyandion was betrayed by Sigisfriths, a northman general who had defected only few weeks ago. Northman heavy cavalry once again overrun //Dúnadan// lines and most of Sangahyandion's army was destroyed or captured, including the pretender himself.
Deletions:
Additions:
Harnendor SangahyandionDeletions:
Harnendor SangahyandionRevision [3960]
Edited on 2009-11-04 23:20:33 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
The **Third Corsair War** or //Fifteen Years' War// (1653-1666) was one of the numerous wars between the dynasty of Eldacar and the descendants of Castamir that took place after the Kin-strife. In **[[Umbar]]** they are called the "Civil Wars", in **[[Gondor]]**, "the Corsair Wars". Third Corsair War was the largest of them all, with battles raging from Cardolan to Bellakar, and saw considerable diplomatical maneuvering as well.
Deletions:
Revision [3952]
Edited on 2009-11-04 23:07:49 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Deletions:
Revision [3950]
Edited on 2009-11-04 23:06:52 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Deletions:
Revision [3933]
Edited on 2009-11-04 01:21:43 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Deletions:
Revision [3932]
Edited on 2009-11-04 01:19:13 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Deletions:
Revision [3931]
Edited on 2009-11-04 01:18:59 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Corsair War (Fifteen Years' War)
Date
1653 - 1666
Location
Harondor and Ithilien, Anfalas, Enedwaith, Bellakar
Casus belli
Financial demands from the Council of Captains
refused; subsequent Umbarean advances into Gondorian sphere of influence
Result
Treaty of Benish Armon, Treaty of Has Adri
Ernil Vinyaran
Belatar Minardilion
Elenaerion
Donnchadh II of Saralainn
Târikbâr of Bellakar
Angamaitë
Tarcundo Miruvor
Kathuphazgan
refused; subsequent Umbarean advances into Gondorian sphere of influence
Ernil Vinyaran Belatar Minardilion Elenaerion Donnchadh II of Saralainn Târikbâr of Bellakar Angamaitë Tarcundo Miruvor Kathuphazganof Miraz (1663), Gauntlet
at Has Adri, Battle of Methir
Deletions:
| Date | 1653 - 1666 |
|---|---|
| Location | Harondor and Ithilien, Anfalas, Enedwaith, Bellakar |
| Casus belli | Financial demands from the Council of Captains refused; subsequent Umbarean advances into Gondorian sphere of influence |
| Result | Treaty of Benish Armon, Treaty of Has Adri |
Ernil Vinyaran Belatar Minardilion Elenaerion Donnchadh II of Saralainn Târikbâr of Bellakar Angamaitë Tarcundo Miruvor Kathuphazganof Miraz (1663), Gauntlet
at Has Adri, Battle of Methir
Revision [3641]
Edited on 2009-10-24 03:07:53 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
===1654===
===1655-1659===
~The year 1659 saw some severe Umbarean defeats. Callo Telagar with 17,000 Gondorians defeated 9,000 rebel troops commanded by general Imrahîn of house Elemir and Sangahyandion was forced to evacuate his remaining forces south of Poros. Twenty rebel Ithilean noblemen were captured by king Tarondor and later executed in Osgiliath. The Rebels planned to invade Gondor during 1659, but two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Oligarhic Fleet under Teldûmeir of Erädas was scattered by a larger Royal fleet under rear admiral **Uther Morvegil**. In September, Gondorian privateers captured an entire Umbarean treasure fleet worth of 50 000 crowns. However, the long Corsair naval blockade of Gondorian ports had sapped the morale of the Gondorian populace. Feelers for peace were exhanged.
===1660===
===1661-1662===
===1663===
===1664===
===1665-1666===
===1655-1659===
~The year 1659 saw some severe Umbarean defeats. Callo Telagar with 17,000 Gondorians defeated 9,000 rebel troops commanded by general Imrahîn of house Elemir and Sangahyandion was forced to evacuate his remaining forces south of Poros. Twenty rebel Ithilean noblemen were captured by king Tarondor and later executed in Osgiliath. The Rebels planned to invade Gondor during 1659, but two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Oligarhic Fleet under Teldûmeir of Erädas was scattered by a larger Royal fleet under rear admiral **Uther Morvegil**. In September, Gondorian privateers captured an entire Umbarean treasure fleet worth of 50 000 crowns. However, the long Corsair naval blockade of Gondorian ports had sapped the morale of the Gondorian populace. Feelers for peace were exhanged.
===1660===
===1661-1662===
===1663===
===1664===
===1665-1666===
Deletions:
==1655-1659==
The year 1659 saw some severe Umbarean defeats. Callo Telagar with 17,000 Gondorians defeated 9,000 rebel troops commanded by general Imrahîn of house Elemir and Sangahyandion was forced to evacuate his remaining forces south of Poros. Twenty rebel Ithilean noblemen were captured by king Tarondor and later executed in Osgiliath. The Rebels planned to invade Gondor during 1659, but two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Oligarhic Fleet under Teldûmeir of Erädas was scattered by a larger Royal fleet under rear admiral **Uther Morvegil**. In September, Gondorian privateers captured an entire Umbarean treasure fleet worth of 50 000 crowns. However, the long Corsair naval blockade of Gondorian ports had sapped the morale of the Gondorian populace. Feelers for peace were exhanged.
==1660==
==1661==
==1662==
==1663==
==1664==
==1665==
==1666==
Revision [3640]
Edited on 2009-10-24 03:07:02 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
~The //Traditionalist League// opened the campaign against king [[Tarondor]] by an surprise attack on Amon Eithel in central [[Harondor]]. A Gondorian army was immediately dispatched to break to siege. Threatened by an overwhelming force, Sangahyandion withdrew to the hilly uplands of Emyn Imladrim. At the **Battle of Harnen**, Sangahyandion prevented the isolated Gondorian southern army under //ernil// Vinyaran from being reinforced and then outmaneuvred and surrounded the much larger enemy army with his Haradan light cavalry. Vinyaran surrendered to Sangahyandion at Gobel Ancalimon in July 1653, resulting in the Corsair occupation of Harondor. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year was a succesful one for the Corsair-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing Gondorian campaigns in Anfalas and Enedwaith.
~In early 1653, Sangahyandion again toon the initiative by marching into [[Ithilien]] hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on the Gondorian forces. After the bloody Battle of Ithilduin, the Umbareans laid siege to the former capital, but had to lift the siege after a major Gondorian counter-attack and Sangahyandion's first defeat at the Battle of Osgiliath. Further defeats followed. Sangahyandion was forced to break off his invasion, and withdraw into rebel-controlled territory in Harithilien.
~The Gondorians had suffered further defeats in Andrast and Enedwaith, particularly at the mouths of Isen. At home however stability had been established. Rebellion in Lebennin was repressed, though popular uprisings continued through 1654 and 1655.
==1655-1659==
~Into the late 1658 the general tide of the war continued to be in favour of the Traditionalist League. Gondorian armies were repeatedly beaten to a standstill by prince Sangahyandion. The back-and-forth nature of the war continued as on 14 October, general **Callo Telagar**'s Loyalists surprised the main Corsair army at Bar Nepos. Sangahyandion lost much of his baggage train but retreated in good order, helped by the densely wooded landscape. Also in autumn of 1658, Gondorian privateers managed to obtain a major victory over Umbarean naval forces, capturing several transport ships.
The year 1659 saw some severe Umbarean defeats. Callo Telagar with 17,000 Gondorians defeated 9,000 rebel troops commanded by general Imrahîn of house Elemir and Sangahyandion was forced to evacuate his remaining forces south of Poros. Twenty rebel Ithilean noblemen were captured by king Tarondor and later executed in Osgiliath. The Rebels planned to invade Gondor during 1659, but two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Oligarhic Fleet under Teldûmeir of Erädas was scattered by a larger Royal fleet under rear admiral **Uther Morvegil**. In September, Gondorian privateers captured an entire Umbarean treasure fleet worth of 50 000 crowns. However, the long Corsair naval blockade of Gondorian ports had sapped the morale of the Gondorian populace. Feelers for peace were exhanged.
~Treaty of Barad Morvegil was signed in Pelargir, March 25, 1660, and greeted with illuminations and fireworks. Sangahyandion retained Harondor while mouths of Isen were returned to Gondor. Prince Vinyaran returned to Osgiliath after having spent last six years in Umbarean custody. However, Gondorian privateers defied truce and continued preying on Umbarean shipping. Resumption of hostilities was agreed on 18 May 1660.
~In early 1653, Sangahyandion again toon the initiative by marching into [[Ithilien]] hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on the Gondorian forces. After the bloody Battle of Ithilduin, the Umbareans laid siege to the former capital, but had to lift the siege after a major Gondorian counter-attack and Sangahyandion's first defeat at the Battle of Osgiliath. Further defeats followed. Sangahyandion was forced to break off his invasion, and withdraw into rebel-controlled territory in Harithilien.
~The Gondorians had suffered further defeats in Andrast and Enedwaith, particularly at the mouths of Isen. At home however stability had been established. Rebellion in Lebennin was repressed, though popular uprisings continued through 1654 and 1655.
==1655-1659==
~Into the late 1658 the general tide of the war continued to be in favour of the Traditionalist League. Gondorian armies were repeatedly beaten to a standstill by prince Sangahyandion. The back-and-forth nature of the war continued as on 14 October, general **Callo Telagar**'s Loyalists surprised the main Corsair army at Bar Nepos. Sangahyandion lost much of his baggage train but retreated in good order, helped by the densely wooded landscape. Also in autumn of 1658, Gondorian privateers managed to obtain a major victory over Umbarean naval forces, capturing several transport ships.
The year 1659 saw some severe Umbarean defeats. Callo Telagar with 17,000 Gondorians defeated 9,000 rebel troops commanded by general Imrahîn of house Elemir and Sangahyandion was forced to evacuate his remaining forces south of Poros. Twenty rebel Ithilean noblemen were captured by king Tarondor and later executed in Osgiliath. The Rebels planned to invade Gondor during 1659, but two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Oligarhic Fleet under Teldûmeir of Erädas was scattered by a larger Royal fleet under rear admiral **Uther Morvegil**. In September, Gondorian privateers captured an entire Umbarean treasure fleet worth of 50 000 crowns. However, the long Corsair naval blockade of Gondorian ports had sapped the morale of the Gondorian populace. Feelers for peace were exhanged.
~Treaty of Barad Morvegil was signed in Pelargir, March 25, 1660, and greeted with illuminations and fireworks. Sangahyandion retained Harondor while mouths of Isen were returned to Gondor. Prince Vinyaran returned to Osgiliath after having spent last six years in Umbarean custody. However, Gondorian privateers defied truce and continued preying on Umbarean shipping. Resumption of hostilities was agreed on 18 May 1660.
Deletions:
~In early 1653, Sangahyandion again toon the initiative by marching into [[Ithilien]] hoping
In early 1757, Frederick again took the initiative by marching into Bohemia hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on the Austrian forces. After the bloody Battle of Prague, the Prussians laid siege to the city, but had to lift the siege after a major Austrian counter-attack and Frederick's first defeat at the Battle of Kolin. That summer, the Russians had invaded East Prussia and defeated a smaller Prussian force in the fiercely contested Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf. Further defeats followed. Frederick was forced to break off his invasion of Bohemia, and withdraw back into Prussian-controlled territory.[9]
Things were looking very grim for Prussia at this time, with the Austrians mobilizing to attack Prussian-controlled soil and a French army under Soubise approaching from the west. In what Napoleon would call "a masterpiece in maneuver and resolution" in November and December the whole situation in Germany was reversed. Frederick devastated first a French invasion at the Battle of Rossbach and then routed a vastly superior Austrian force at Battle of Leuthen. With these great victories, Frederick once again established himself as Europe's finest general and his men as Europe's finest soldiers. In spite of these successes the Prussians were now facing four major powers attacking on four fronts (France from the West, Austria from the South, Russia from the East and Sweden from the north). This problem was compounded when the main Hanoverian army under Cumberland was defeated at the Battle of Hastenbeck and then forced to surrender entirely at the Convention of Kloster-Zeven.[10] The Convention removed Hanover and Brunswick from the war leaving the Western approach to Prussian territory extremely vulnerable. Frederick sent urgent requests to Britain for more substantial assistance, as he was now without any military support for his forces in Germany.[11]
The British had suffered further defeats in America, particularly at Fort William Henry. At home however stability had been established. Since 1756 successive governments led by Newcastle and William Pitt had both fallen. In August 1757 the two men agreed to a political partnership and formed a coalition government which gave new, firmer direction to the British war effort. The new strategy emphasised both Newcastle's commitment to British involvement on the European continent particularly in defence of Germany and William Pitt's determination to use British naval power to launch expeditions to seize French colonies around the globe. The "dual strategy" would dominate British policy for the next five years.
==1655==
==1656==
==1657==
==1658==
==1659==
Revision [3639]
Edited on 2009-10-24 02:11:27 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
of Miraz (1663), Gauntlet
The **Third Corsair War** or //Fifteen Years' War// (1653-1666) was one of the numerous wars between the dynasty of Eldacar and the descendants of Castamir that took place after the Kin-strife. In **[[Umbar]]** they are called the "Civil Wars", in **[[Gondor]]**, "the Corsair Wars".
The war started officially on February 14, 1653 when the [[GovadanGondorim Council of Gondor]] turned down Umbarean demands and declared a state of war between kingdom of Gondor and principality of Umbar, but in fact there had been fighting along borders and piracy at sea for nearly a year. Both Umbarean and Gondorian privateers operated from Rast Vorn to Tulwang bay, raiding merchant shipping and intimidating enemy allies.
===1653===
~Lords of [[Umbar]], frustrated at Gondorian attempts to evade paying tribute after the Sack of Pelargir, started extracting reparations in kind by staging amphibious raids to [[Anfalas]] and Enedwaith. Lond Angren was captured by mercenaries employed by lord Borathor Marös. An ultimatum was placed before the [[GovadanGondorim Council of Gondor]] in April 1653, demanding that Gondor honour the concessions pledged by late king Telemnar. Council of Gondor defied, declaring a full state of war between the kingdom of Gondor and the Corsair princedoms.
~The Traditionalist League opened the campaign against king [[Tarondor]] by an surprise attack on Amon Eithel in central [[Harondor]]. A Gondorian army was immediately dispatched to break to siege. Threatened by an overwhelming force, Sangahyandion withdrew to the hilly uplands of Emyn Imladrim. At the **Battle of Harnen**, Sangahyandion prevented the isolated Gondorian southern army under //ernil// Vinyaran from being reinforced and then outmaneuvred and surrounded the much larger enemy army with his Haradan light cavalry. Vinyaran surrendered to Sangahyandion at Gobel Ancalimon in July 1653, resulting in the Corsair occupation of Harondor. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year was a succesful one for the Corsair-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing Gondorian campaigns in Anfalas and Enedwaith.
~In early 1653, Sangahyandion again toon the initiative by marching into [[Ithilien]] hoping
In early 1757, Frederick again took the initiative by marching into Bohemia hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on the Austrian forces. After the bloody Battle of Prague, the Prussians laid siege to the city, but had to lift the siege after a major Austrian counter-attack and Frederick's first defeat at the Battle of Kolin. That summer, the Russians had invaded East Prussia and defeated a smaller Prussian force in the fiercely contested Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf. Further defeats followed. Frederick was forced to break off his invasion of Bohemia, and withdraw back into Prussian-controlled territory.[9]
Things were looking very grim for Prussia at this time, with the Austrians mobilizing to attack Prussian-controlled soil and a French army under Soubise approaching from the west. In what Napoleon would call "a masterpiece in maneuver and resolution" in November and December the whole situation in Germany was reversed. Frederick devastated first a French invasion at the Battle of Rossbach and then routed a vastly superior Austrian force at Battle of Leuthen. With these great victories, Frederick once again established himself as Europe's finest general and his men as Europe's finest soldiers. In spite of these successes the Prussians were now facing four major powers attacking on four fronts (France from the West, Austria from the South, Russia from the East and Sweden from the north). This problem was compounded when the main Hanoverian army under Cumberland was defeated at the Battle of Hastenbeck and then forced to surrender entirely at the Convention of Kloster-Zeven.[10] The Convention removed Hanover and Brunswick from the war leaving the Western approach to Prussian territory extremely vulnerable. Frederick sent urgent requests to Britain for more substantial assistance, as he was now without any military support for his forces in Germany.[11]
The British had suffered further defeats in America, particularly at Fort William Henry. At home however stability had been established. Since 1756 successive governments led by Newcastle and William Pitt had both fallen. In August 1757 the two men agreed to a political partnership and formed a coalition government which gave new, firmer direction to the British war effort. The new strategy emphasised both Newcastle's commitment to British involvement on the European continent particularly in defence of Germany and William Pitt's determination to use British naval power to launch expeditions to seize French colonies around the globe. The "dual strategy" would dominate British policy for the next five years.
Deletions:
of Miraz, Gauntlet
The **Third Corsair War** or //Fifteen Years' War// (1653-1666) was one of the numerous wars between the dynasty of Eldacar and the descendants of Castamir that took place after the Kin-strife. In **[[Umbar]]** they are called the "Civil Wars", in [**[Gondor]]**, "the Corsair Wars".
The war started officially on February 14, 1653 when the [[GovadanGondorim Council of Gondor]] turned down Umbarean financial demands and declared a state of war between kingdom of Gondor and principality of Umbar, but in fact there had been fighting along borders and piracy at sea for nearly a year. Both Umbarean and Gondorian privateers operated from Rast Vorn to Tulwang bay, raiding merchant shipping and intimidating enemy allies.
==1653==
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Revision [3638]
Edited on 2009-10-24 01:38:22 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
The **Third Corsair War** or //Fifteen Years' War// (1653-1666) was one of the numerous wars between the dynasty of Eldacar and the descendants of Castamir that took place after the Kin-strife. In **[[Umbar]]** they are called the "Civil Wars", in [**[Gondor]]**, "the Corsair Wars".
==1653==
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==1654==
==1655==
==1656==
==1657==
==1658==
==1659==
==1660==
==1661==
==1662==
==1663==
==1664==
==1665==
==1666==
==1653==
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==1654==
==1655==
==1656==
==1657==
==1658==
==1659==
==1660==
==1661==
==1662==
==1663==
==1664==
==1665==
==1666==
Deletions:
Revision [3637]
Edited on 2009-10-24 01:36:21 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Aran TarondorDeletions:
Aran Tarondor
Revision [3636]
Edited on 2009-10-24 01:36:05 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
SangahyandionDeletions:
SangahyandionRevision [3635]
Edited on 2009-10-24 01:35:45 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Ernil Vinyaran Belatar Minardilion Elenaerion Donnchadh II of Saralainn Târikbâr of Bellakar Angamaitë Tarcundo Miruvor KathuphazganDeletions:
Ernil Vinyaran Belatar Minardilion Elenaerion Donnchadh II of Saralainn Târikbâr of Bellakar Angamaitë Tarcundo Miruvor KathuphazganRevision [3634]
Edited on 2009-10-24 01:35:15 by SampsaRydmanAdditions:
Ernil Vinyaran Belatar Minardilion Elenaerion Donnchadh II of Saralainn Târikbâr of Bellakar Sangahyandion Angamaitë Tarcundo Miruvor Kathuphazgan
Deletions:
Ernil Vinyaran
Belatar Minardilion
Elenaerion
Donnchadh II of Saralainn
Târikbâr of Bellakar
Angamaitë
Tarcundo Miruvor
Kathuphazgan of Ûrêzâyan
